纳税申报表（增值税报告）¶

拥有注册增值税（VAT）号码的公司必须根据其营业额和登记规定，每月或每季度提交 税务申报表 。税务申报表 - 或 VAT 申报表 - 向税务机关提供了公司所做可征税交易的信息。 销项税 是企业销售商品和服务时收取的税款，而 进项税 则是购买商品或服务时添加到价格中的税款。基于这些价值，公司可以计算他们需要支付或退还的纳税金额。

配置¶

报税周期¶

报税周期 的配置允许Odoo正确计算您的纳税申报，并向您发送提醒，以确保不会错过任何一个纳税申报截止日期。

为此，请转到会计 ‣ 配置 ‣ 设置。在报税周期下，您可以进行以下设置：

周期性：在此处定义你的报税周期。
提醒：定义Odoo应在何时提醒您提交纳税申报；
日记账：选择用于记录纳税申报的日记账。

Note

这通常在应用程序的初始设置期间进行配置。

税网格¶

Odoo根据您税收设置中配置的税网格生成纳税申报。因此，确保所有记录的交易使用正确的税率非常重要。您可以通过打开任何发票和账单的日记账分录选项卡来查看税率表。

税网格在任何发票或账单的日记账分录选项卡中显示。

To configure tax grids for taxes, go to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Taxes, open the relevant tax, and edit the tax settings and the tax grids used to record invoices or refunds.

Note

Taxes and reports are usually pre-configured according to the country selected for the company.

Tax returns journal¶

On the Accounting dashboard, complete the following actions displayed in the Tax Returns journal before creating tax returns:

Set Company Data: Configure the company details.
Set Periods: In the Accounting Periods window, fill in the Opening date, Fiscal Year End, and update the Periodicity if needed.
Review Chart of Accounts

关闭纳税期¶

Tax return lock date¶

Setting a tax lock date prevents changes that could impact VAT-related journal entries. Locking the period before processing the Closing Journal Entry helps ensure the accuracy of the final report and reduces the risk of tax errors.

To view or edit the current Lock Tax Return date, go to Accounting ‣ Accounting ‣ Lock Dates.

Note

Any new transaction whose accounting date is before the Lock Tax Return date has its tax values moved to the next open tax period, preventing any changes to a report after its period is closed.

报税表¶

On the Accounting Dashboard, the Tax Returns journal displays automatic reminders to avoid missing important tasks and deadlines.

After completing all configurations and posting all tax-related transactions for the reporting period, click Tax Returns on the Tax Returns journal from the Accounting dashboard. Alternatively, go to Accounting ‣ Accounting ‣ Tax Returns.

The Tax Return view displays a chronological list of all pending tax returns (VAT report) and advance payments (based on the fiscal localization). Each item on the list includes:

A period (month or quarter).
A deadline date.
The related company and branch(es), if applicable.
Action steps, such as Review, Submit, and Pay, which turn green when completed.
Action buttons: These are displayed as primary (purple) and secondary (grey) buttons to indicate their priority.
A (vertical ellipsis) menu for additional options.

Note

Before the tax return is reviewed, the number of Pending or Passed tax validation checks is displayed in red or green, respectively.
If the Deadline date has passed, it appears in red.

Tip

To export all tax returns from the selected period, click the (gear) icon, then click Export All to download the tax returns XLSX.

VAT report¶

Each pending tax return (VAT report) follows these steps: review, submit, and pay.

To access a tax return, click the local VAT report button (e.g., VAT Return (BE) or Tax Report (US), depending on the fiscal localization) or the Generic Tax report button on the tax return line in the Tax Return view.

Tip

点击 PDF 或 XLSX 分别生成 PDF 或 XLSX 文件。
Click the (gear) icon and Copy to Documents to save the report to the Documents app. Select the format to Export to, the Documents Name, the Folder to store it in, and add any Tags. Then click Export.

To create a new return, click New, select the relevant Return Type, and fill in the required Dates. Then, click Generate Return. The following returns can be generated:

Annual Closing: Corporate Tax
VAT (return)/Tax
VAT Listing (Belgium-specific)
EC Sales List (EU-specific)
Advance Payment (Belgium-specific)
Intrastat (EU-specific)

审查¶

To start the review of a tax return, click on the relevant tax return line:

If all automatic tax validation checks have passed, click Validate to complete the Review step. The Lock Tax Return date is automatically updated, and the closing journal entry is posted in the Tax Returns journal. The tax return can then be submitted.
If any automatic tax validation checks are pending, the Tax Checks view displays the following, depending on the fiscal localization:
- Bank Matching: This check is used to identify any missing bills; it is optional for VAT reports.
- Bill attachments: Bills must have attached documents as proof in case of an audit.
- Company data: Missing information (e.g., VAT number or country) can lead to errors in tax reports or exemptions.
- Draft entries: Any draft invoices and bills within the corresponding period must be reviewed and posted, or assigned a different accounting date.
- No negative amount in VAT report: Some countries only allow positive values in tax returns, as a negative amount could indicate misconfigurations.
- Taxes and countries matching: Taxes applied on invoices and bills must match the customer’s country.
Each check card is either highlighted in green (Reviewed or Supervised), red (Anomaly) or grey (To review). If a check fails, there are two options:
- Click on the failed check’s card to fix the issue.
- Click Anomaly and select Reviewed or Supervised to pass the check without fixing the issue.
Once all checks have passed, click Validate. Then, depending on the fiscal localization, click Lock in the Lock window.

On validating the tax return, the Lock Tax Return date is automatically updated, and the closing journal entry is posted in the Tax Returns journal.

Tip

To add customized checks, activate developer mode, and go to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Check. Then, click New and complete the necessary fields.
All check status changes are logged in the chatter.

Note

If the Lock Tax Return date is not locked before reviewing the tax return, the fiscal period is automatically locked on the same date as the accounting date of the closing journal entry. While this feature helps prevent certain fiscal errors, it is recommended to set the Lock Tax Return date manually beforehand.

Important

After the tax report for a period has been posted, that period is locked to prevent new VAT-related journal entries from being created. Corrections to customer invoices or vendor bills must be recorded in the following period.

提交¶

Once a tax return has completed the Review step, proceed as follows:

In the Tax Return view, click the local VAT report button (e.g., VAT Return (BE) or Tax Report (US), depending on the fiscal localization) or the Generic Tax report button on the relevant tax return line to preview the tax return report.
Once the tax return report has been verified, go back to the Tax Return view and click Submit.
If a Submission Instructions pop-up window appears, follow the local Instructions, and click Mark as Submitted or Mark Paid.

The submitted tax return contains all the values tax authorities need, and the amount to be paid or refunded.

Tip

To display all posted closing journal entries, click the Tax Returns journal in the Accounting dashboard.
To display the tax return entry posted, click the (vertical ellipsis) icon and select View Entry. The following options are available if needed:
- Reverse Entry
- Reset to Draft: The Lock Tax Return date must be manually removed using a lock date exception to reset a tax return entry to draft.

支付¶

Once a tax return is submitted, a Payment window appears if a tax payment is required. It displays all necessary payment details to complete the transaction, including a QR code for the banking app, if available for the country’s fiscal localization package. There are three options:

Click Mark Paid after completing the payment: the corresponding tax return line disappears from the Tax Return view.
Click Send to email all payment information. Once sent, the tax return completes the Pay step, and its corresponding line disappears from the Tax Return view.
Click Discard: the corresponding tax return line remains visible in the Tax Return view, indicating the amount due. Click the (paperclip) icon to access the PDF and XLSX files of the submitted tax return.

Advance tax payments¶

Note

Advance tax payments are specific to local fiscal localizations and the requirements of certain countries’ tax systems.

In the Tax Return view, click Pay on the relevant advance tax payment line that needs to be processed.

In the Advance Payment window, follow the local recommendations, fill in the required local fields, and use the provided payment details to finalize the transaction. Two options are available:

Click Mark Paid once the payment is processed: The corresponding advance tax payment line disappears from the Tax Return view.
Click Send to email all payment information. Once sent, the advance tax payment completes the Pay step, and its corresponding line disappears from the Tax Return view.
Click Discard: The corresponding advance tax payment line remains visible in the Tax Return view.

Tip

To mark a tax payment that has already been completed, click the (vertical ellipsis) icon and select Mark as Completed.