自定义视图类型

为现有视图创建子类

假设我们需要创建一个通用视图的自定义版本。例如,在看板视图顶部添加一个类似丝带的额外小部件(用于显示某些特定的自定义信息)。在这种情况下,只需几个步骤即可完成:

  1. 扩展看板控制器/渲染器/模型,并将其注册到视图注册表中。

    custom_kanban_controller.js
    import { KanbanController } from "@web/views/kanban/kanban_controller";
    import { kanbanView } from "@web/views/kanban/kanban_view";
    import { registry } from "@web/core/registry";
    
    // the controller usually contains the Layout and the renderer.
    class CustomKanbanController extends KanbanController {
        static template = "my_module.CustomKanbanView";
    
        // Your logic here, override or insert new methods...
        // if you override setup(), don't forget to call super.setup()
    }
    
    export const customKanbanView = {
        ...kanbanView, // contains the default Renderer/Controller/Model
        Controller: CustomKanbanController,
    };
    
    // Register it to the views registry
    registry.category("views").add("custom_kanban", customKanbanView);
    

    在自定义看板中,我们定义了一个新模板。我们既可以继承看板控制器模板并添加自己的模板片段,也可以定义一个全新的模板。

    custom_kanban_controller.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <templates>
        <t t-name="my_module.CustomKanbanView" t-inherit="web.KanbanView">
            <xpath expr="//Layout" position="before">
                <div>
                    Hello world !
                </div>
            </xpath>
        </t>
    </templates>
    
  2. 在 arch 中通过 js_class 属性使用该视图。

    <kanban js_class="custom_kanban">
        <templates>
            <t t-name="card">
                <!--Your comment-->
            </t>
        </templates>
    </kanban>
    

扩展视图的可能性无穷无尽。虽然这里我们只扩展了控制器,但您也可以扩展渲染器以添加新按钮、修改记录的呈现方式或自定义下拉菜单,还可以扩展模型和 buttonTemplate 等其他组件。

从零创建新视图

创建新视图属于高级主题。本指南仅重点介绍必要的步骤。

  1. 创建控制器。

    控制器的主要职责是协调视图的各个组件,例如渲染器(Renderer)、模型(Model)和布局(Layout)。

    beautiful_controller.js
    import { Layout } from "@web/search/layout";
    import { useService } from "@web/core/utils/hooks";
    import { Component, onWillStart, useState} from "@odoo/owl";
    
    export class BeautifulController extends Component {
        static template = "my_module.View";
        static components = { Layout };
    
        setup() {
            this.orm = useService("orm");
    
            // The controller create the model and make it reactive so whenever this.model is
            // accessed and edited then it'll cause a rerendering
            this.model = useState(
                new this.props.Model(
                    this.orm,
                    this.props.resModel,
                    this.props.fields,
                    this.props.archInfo,
                    this.props.domain
                )
            );
    
            onWillStart(async () => {
                await this.model.load();
            });
        }
    }
    

    控制器的模板使用 Layout 显示控制面板,同时也显示渲染器。

    beautiful_controller.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <templates xml:space="preserve">
        <t t-name="my_module.View">
            <Layout display="props.display" className="'h-100 overflow-auto'">
                <t t-component="props.Renderer" records="model.records" propsYouWant="'Hello world'"/>
            </Layout>
        </t>
    </templates>
    
  2. 创建渲染器。

    渲染器的主要作用是渲染包含记录的视图,从而生成数据的可视化呈现。

    beautiful_renderer.js
    import { Component } from "@odoo/owl";
    export class BeautifulRenderer extends Component {
        static template = "my_module.Renderer";
    }
    
    beautiful_renderer.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <templates xml:space="preserve">
        <t t-name="my_module.Renderer">
            <t t-esc="props.propsYouWant"/>
            <t t-foreach="props.records" t-as="record" t-key="record.id">
                // Show records
            </t>
        </t>
    </templates>
    
  3. 创建模型。

    模型的职责是获取并管理视图中所有必需的数据。

    beautiful_model.js
    import { KeepLast } from "@web/core/utils/concurrency";
    
    export class BeautifulModel {
        constructor(orm, resModel, fields, archInfo, domain) {
            this.orm = orm;
            this.resModel = resModel;
            // We can access arch information parsed by the beautiful arch parser
            const { fieldFromTheArch } = archInfo;
            this.fieldFromTheArch = fieldFromTheArch;
            this.fields = fields;
            this.domain = domain;
            this.keepLast = new KeepLast();
        }
    
        async load() {
            // The keeplast protect against concurrency call
            const { length, records } = await this.keepLast.add(
                this.orm.webSearchRead(this.resModel, this.domain, [this.fieldsFromTheArch], {})
            );
            this.records = records;
            this.recordsLength = length;
        }
    }
    

    注解

    对于高级场景,除了从零创建模型之外,也可以使用 RelationalModel,其他视图已经在使用它。

  4. 创建 arch 解析器。

    arch 解析器的职责是解析 arch 视图,以便视图能够访问其中的信息。

    beautiful_arch_parser.js
    import { XMLParser } from "@web/core/utils/xml";
    
    export class BeautifulArchParser extends XMLParser {
        parse(arch) {
            const xmlDoc = this.parseXML(arch);
            const fieldFromTheArch = xmlDoc.getAttribute("fieldFromTheArch");
            return {
                fieldFromTheArch,
            };
        }
    }
    
  5. 创建视图并将所有组成部分组合到一起,然后将该视图注册到视图注册表中。

    beautiful_view.js
    import { registry } from "@web/core/registry";
    import { BeautifulController } from "./beautiful_controller";
    import { BeautifulArchParser } from "./beautiful_arch_parser";
    import { BeautifylModel } from "./beautiful_model";
    import { BeautifulRenderer } from "./beautiful_renderer";
    
    export const beautifulView = {
        type: "beautiful",
        display_name: "Beautiful",
        icon: "fa fa-picture-o", // the icon that will be displayed in the Layout panel
        multiRecord: true,
        Controller: BeautifulController,
        ArchParser: BeautifulArchParser,
        Model: BeautifulModel,
        Renderer: BeautifulRenderer,
    
        props(genericProps, view) {
            const { ArchParser } = view;
            const { arch } = genericProps;
            const archInfo = new ArchParser().parse(arch);
    
            return {
                ...genericProps,
                Model: view.Model,
                Renderer: view.Renderer,
                archInfo,
            };
        },
    };
    
    registry.category("views").add("beautifulView", beautifulView);
    
  6. 在 arch 中声明 视图。

    ...
    <record id="my_beautiful_view" model="ir.ui.view">
      <field name="name">my_view</field>
      <field name="model">my_model</field>
      <field name="arch" type="xml">
          <beautiful fieldFromTheArch="res.partner"/>
      </field>
    </record>
    ...